+/CD8+Ratio. (B) Stratified analyses by gender on CD8+naïve T cells. (C) Stratified analyses by gender on CD8+effector memory T cells re-expressing CD45RA (EMRA). * indicates post hoc differences of time point p < 0.05.">
+ Central Memory (CM) T cells, (B) on CD4+Effector Memory (EM), (C) on CD4+effector memory T cells re-expressing CD45RA (EMRA), (D) on CD4+CD57+T cells, (E) CD8+ CM T cells, (F) on CD8+EMRA T cells, (G) Effector T cells (Teff) and (H) on CD4-CD8-lymphocytes. *Indicates post hoc differences of time point; p < 0.05. “a” indicates post hoc differences within CMV-negative between baseline and 1-year follow-up, “b” between 1-year follow-up and 3-year follow-up and “c” between baseline and 3-year follow-up. # indicates post hoc difference between group and time point (interaction); p < 0.05. § indicates differences between groups; p < 0.05.">
+ T cell subsets, (B) in CD8+T cell subsets and CD4-CD8-lymphocytes, (C) Teff and Tregs as well as their subpopulations and (D) in serum cytokine levels in healthy older adults. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Δ indicates change over the 3-year period (follow-up minus baseline). BMI, body mass index; CCL, C-C motif chemokine ligand; CD, cluster of differentiation; CM, central memory T cells; CXCL, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand; EM, effector memory T cells; EMRA, effector memory T cells re-expressing CD45RA; GDF, growth differentiation factor; IL, interleukin; IL-1ra, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; MET, metabolic equivalent of task; Nm, Newton meter; Teff, T effector cells; Treg, regulatory T cells; rTreg, naïve Treg cells; mTreg, memory Treg cells; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; VO2peak, peak oxygen uptake.">