为此,研究团队构建了一个严谨的、多层次的“筛选流水线”。这个流水线就像一个精密的筛选机,依次对候选结构进行层层过滤。首先,他们运用对称性分析,只保留属于极性空间群(铁电性的必要条件)的结构,一举将候选池从12,800个削减至2,392个,极大地提升了后续计算的效率。3P2and LiCdP as promising ferroelectric candidates for photocurrent applications.">
研究通过上述筛选流程,从初始的12,800个生成结构中,逐步聚焦到两个最终候选材料Ca3P2和LiCdP。−1 and blue for those above this threshold. c) Scatter plot of bandgap (eV) versus spontaneous polarization (µC cm−2); marker color indicates the double-well energy difference (eV f.u.−1). Stars denote the two promising candidates (Ca3P2and LiCdP) identified in this work, and circles denote known ferroelectrics."> 计算表明,Ca3P2的自发极化值为8.9 µC cm−2,而LiCdP的极化值高达144.1 µC cm−2,略高于目前报道的最高极化铁电体之一——钪掺杂氮化铝。两者的带隙经HSE06计算分别为1.58 eV和1.13 eV,位于光伏应用的目标窗口(1.4-2.3 eV)附近,显示出良好的光电流应用潜力。3P2and LiCdP. Nonpolar and polar structures of a) Ca3P2and d) LiCdP, respectively. Double-well potential profiles of b) Ca3P2and e) LiCdP. The polarization (P) value as a function of the distortion from the –P polar structure through the centrosymmetric nonpolar structure to the +P polar structure for c) Ca3P2and f) LiCdP.">
声子谱计算表明,Ca3P2和LiCdP的晶体结构均无虚频,是动力学稳定的。从头算分子动力学模拟和亥姆霍兹自由能计算进一步证实,在高温下(直至1000 K),二者的极性相仍比对应的非极性相更稳定。电子能带结构计算确认,Ca3P2为直接带隙半导体,LiCdP为近直接带隙半导体,这为光电器件应用提供了有利条件。3P2and LiCdP. 3-dimensional schematic of the Brillouin zone of a) Ca3P2and d) LiCdP. Phonon band dispersions of b) Ca3P2and e) LiCdP. Electronic band structures of c) Ca3P2and f) LiCdP.">