为了探究PRED引起的系统性免疫变化,研究人员分析了治疗早期(EDT,0.9 mg/kg PRED)血浆中32种细胞因子和趋化因子的水平。1.5). Significant cytokine changes highlighted in a circle. (b−h) PBMCs collected early during treatment (EDT; 0.9 mg/kg PRED or vehicle control) or late during treatment (LDT; 0.5 mg/kg PRED or vehicle control) were profiled by flow cytometry for T-cell activation. (b) Representative flow profiles (left) and a summary (right) of proliferation (Ki67+) or activation (Ki67+PD1+) of CD8+ T-cells EDT and LDT. (c) CD8+ Tem gating (left panel), and a summary of proliferation (Ki67+) or activation (Ki67+PD1+) of CD8+ Tem cells EDT and LDT (right panels). (d−h) Proliferation (Ki67+) or activation (Ki67+PD1+) of CD8+ Tcm (d), naïve CD8+ T-cells (e), CD4+ Foxp3– Tconv cells (f), naïve CD4+ Foxp3– Tconv (g) and NK cells (h). Orange dots indicate delayed progressors (DP). Data pooled from two independent experiments, mean ± SD is shown. Statistical comparisons were determined using ordinary ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni multiple comparison test; significant p-values are shown."> 结果显示,PRED阻断了Combi-ICI介导的多种免疫激活通路中可溶性介质的诱导,包括细胞毒性(如IL-2, IFNγ)、效应程序(IL-13)、髓系细胞分化和招募(IL-3, GM-CSF)、免疫细胞迁移(CCL3/4)以及血管生成(VEGF)。这些变化在治疗后期(LDT,0.5 mg/kg PRED)恢复到对照组水平,表明PRED的效应是暂时的。在细胞水平上,流式细胞术分析显示,在PRED治疗早期,循环中CD8+T细胞(包括效应记忆样T细胞和中央记忆样T细胞)的增殖和活化显著降低, naïve CD8+T细胞和CD4+常规T细胞的增殖也受到抑制,NK细胞的活化同样减少。这些数据共同表明,PRED在治疗后早期短暂阻断了细胞毒性和趋化程序,损害了CD8+效应反应和细胞运输,同时基本不损害CD4+效应T细胞。